Citations

Evolution of Germanna
Before Colonization and The First Colony

A Chronology of Some Events in the Life of Alexander Spotswood and His Orange County Property, Germanna. Draft. Germanna Foundation.

Barile, Kerri S. "Archaeology, Architecture and Alexander Spotswood: Redefining the Georgian Worldview at the Enchanted Castle, Germanna, Orange County, Virginia." PhD diss., University of Texas, 2004.

Blankenbaker, John. "Beyond Germanna, A Newsletter-Journal." http://www.germanna.com (accessed April 2007).

Fontaine, John and John Clayton. “Journal of John Fontaine and John Clayton.” In Germanna Journal for the Societies of Germanna Colonies and Golden Horsehoe, 53-56. Morrisville, VA: Society of Germanna Colonies, 1954.

Martin, Brawdus, ed. Germanna Journal for the Societies of Germanna Colonis and Golden Horsehoe. Morrisville, VA: Society of Germanna Colonies, 1954.

"Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. (Geneaology, Revolutionary War, Civil War, History, Research)." Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia. http://www.germanna.org/ (accessed April 2007).

The Second Wave

Byrd, William. The Westover Manuscripts: Containing the History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina; A Journey of the Land of Eden, A.D. 1733; and A Progress to the Mines. Written from 1728 to 1736. 1841. UNC University Library, 2001. http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/byrd/byrd.html (accessed March 2007).

Huffman, Charles Herbert, ed. Germanna Record. No. Culpeper, VA: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc., 1965.

Martin, Brawdus, ed. Germanna Journal for the Societies of Germanna Colonis and Golden Horsehoe. Morrisville, VA: Society of Germanna Colonies, 1954.

Wayland, John W. Germanna Record. No. 7. Culpeper, VA: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc., 1989.

Wust, Klaus. The Virginia Germans. Charlottesville, VA: The University of Virginia Press, 1969.

The Decline of Germanna

Blankenbaker, John. "Beyond Germanna, A Newsletter-Journal." http://www.germanna.com (accessed April 2007).

A Chronology of Some Events in the Life of Alexander Spotswood and His Orange County Property, Germanna. Draft. Germanna Foundation.

"Germanna History," The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc., http://www.germanna.org/history.htm (accessed April 2007).

"Second Germanna Colony, April 1717," ProGeneaologists, Inc., http://www.progenealogists.com/palproject/va/1717germ.htm, (accessed March 2007).

 

Myth at Germanna

The Outpost of Adventure

Vann, Elizabeth Chapman Denny and Margaret Collins Denny Dixon. Virginia's First German Colony. Ricmond, VA: 1961.

Wayland, John W. Germanna: Outpost of Adventure, 1714-1956. Staunton, Virginia: The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Verginia, Inc., 1956.

 

The Knights of the Golden Horseshoe

Caruthers, William. The Knights of the Horseshoe: A Traditionary Tale of the Cocked Hat Gentry in the Old Dominion. Wetumpka, AL: Charles Yancey, 1845.

Gaines, Janet H. Governor Spotswood and His Times: The Knights of the Golden Horseshoe (1907).

Evans, Emory G. Review of The Journal of John Fontaine: An Irish Huguenot Son in Spain and Virginia, 1710-1719 by Edward Porter Alexander. The Journal of American History 59: 4 (1973): 979-980.

Hofstra, Warren R. The Planting of New Virginia: Settlement and Landscape in the Shenandoah Valley. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 2004.

Stewart, Robert Amistead, Knights of the Golden Horseshoe and Other Lays. Richmond, VA : The Evans Press, Inc., 1909.

Wayland, John. From Germanna: Outpost of Adventure, 1714-19. Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc. McClure Printing Company, 1956.

 

The Enchanted Castle

William Byrd, 1674-1744 and Edmund Ruffin, 1794-1865, The Westover Manuscripts: Containing the History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina; A Journey to the Land of Eden, A.D. 1733; and A Progress to the Mines. Written from 1728 to 1736, and Now First Published. Petersburg, VA: Edmund and Julius C. Ruffin, 1984. http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/byrd/menu.html (accessed Apr 2007).

"Germanna History," The Memorial Foundation of the Germanna Colonies in Virginia, Inc., http://www.germanna.org/history.htm (accessed Apr 2007).

Mansfield, James R. A History of Early Spotsylvania. Orange, Virginia: Green Publishers, Inc., 1977.

Schuricht, Hermann. History of The German Element in Virginia, Vol. 1. Baltimore: Theo. Kroh & Sons, Printers, 1898.

 

Myth at Germanna in Video

Douglas Sandford , interviewed by authors, March 16, 2007, Fredericksburg, Virginia.

 

Archaeology at Germanna

Quarterly Bulletin. "Archaeological Society of Virginia" 44:3 (1989).

Kerri S. Barile, Archaeology, Architechture and Alexander Spotswood: Redefining the Georgian Worldview at the Enchanted Castle, Germanna, Orange County, Virginia, University of Texas, 2004.

Kerri S. Barile, interviewed by authors, April 12, 2007, Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Douglas Sanford and Scott K. Parker, From Frontier to Plantation: The Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Germanna Area, Orange County, Virginia, September, 1986.

Douglas Sanford, “The Gardens at Germanna, Virginia,” Earth Patterns: Essays in Landscape Archaeology.

Douglas Sanford, interviewed by authors, March 13, 2007, Fredericksburg, Virginia.

Nancy Wray, Germanna: The Preservation and Interpretation of a Significant Cultural Resource, May, 1987.